The following video clip is the final part of the the Cochrane Learning Live webinar delivered by Dr Nancy Santesso from the Department of Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics at McMaster University in Hamilton, Canada. She is also a member of the GRADE Working Group.

In the clip below, Dr Santesso answers the following questions posed by the webinar participants:

• If evidence comes from a single study, is that a cause of concern in GRADE approach, irrespective of the number of events or participants?
• In which cases should we have ‘very serious’ concerns about the quality of evidence?
• Do you consider the three final components of GRADE approach (‘reasons for upgrading’) if the evidence is based on RCTs?
• Are there any modules addressing GRADE for non-randomized studies?
• How to present NNTs in ‘Summary of findings’ tables?
• If the relative effect is expressed as Odds ratio, how this will be presented in ‘Summary of findings’ table?